๐Ÿงพ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ์œจ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ… ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ(The Impact of Income Tax Rate Structure and Attitudes toward Welfare Policies on the Evaluation of COVID-19 Economic Support Policies)_2024_ํ•œ๊ตญ์กฐ์„ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ_๊ฐ•๋ฏผ์กฐ, ์‹ ์˜ํšจ

[Original Paper(๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์›๋ณธ)]

https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE11910042

[Paper Summary(๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์š”์•ฝ)]

Key Concepts(์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐœ๋…)

โ–  Income Tax Burden Rate(์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๋ฅ )

  • Refers to the proportion of income tax relative to total pre-tax income.(์ด ์„ธ์ „ ์†Œ๋“ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ,) In this study, the perceived appropriate income tax rate by taxpayers is used.(๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋น„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ.)

โ–  Income Tax Progressivity(์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ)

  • Indicates the extent to which the tax burden increases as income rises.(์†Œ๋“์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ,) In this study, an index based on the Suits index is applied.(๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Suits ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‘์šฉํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•จ.)

โ–  Welfare Policy(๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…)

  • Refers to government policies aimed at improving the welfare of citizens.(๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€ ์ฆ์ง„์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ,) In this study, preferences for universal welfare and selective welfare are analyzed.(๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณดํŽธ์  ๋ณต์ง€์™€ ์„ ๋ณ„์  ๋ณต์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ.)

โ–  COVID-19 Economic Support Policies(์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…)

  • Refers to government measures implemented to alleviate economic difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including emergency disaster relief payments and financial support for small business owners.

1. Research Objective(์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์ )

  • The purpose of this study is to empirically identify the differential effects of attitudes toward the tax structure and welfare policies on policy recipientsโ€™ evaluations of COVID-19 economic support measures.(์กฐ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž๋“ค์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ž„.)
  • By measuring attitudes toward the appropriate income tax burden and the progressivity of income taxation using comparable indicators, this study seeks to examine the relationship between subjective perceptions of fairness in the financing structure and the quality of welfare policies from a new perspective.(๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž์˜ ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ๋ถ€๋‹ด ๋ฐ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์žฌ์›์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๊ณตํ‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ… ํ’ˆ์งˆ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•จ.)
  • It also aims to provide useful implications for evaluating the appropriateness of emergency disaster relief payments from the perspective of policy recipients.(์ •์ฑ…์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๊ธด๊ธ‰์žฌ๋‚œ์ง€์›๊ธˆ ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•จ.)

2. Research Methodology(์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•)

  • The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the differential effects of attitudes toward tax structure and welfare policies on policy recipientsโ€™ evaluations of COVID-19 economic support policies.(ํ•œ๊ตญ์กฐ์„ธ์žฌ์ •์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›์˜ ์žฌ์ •ํŒจ๋„ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์„ธ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ •์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•จ.)
  • By measuring taxpayersโ€™ perceptions of the appropriate income tax burden and income tax progressivity using comparable indicators, this study seeks to provide a new perspective on the relationship between subjective perceptions of fairness in revenue-raising structures and the quality of welfare policies.(์žฌ์ •ํŒจ๋„๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์› ์˜์‹์กฐ์‚ฌ ์„ค๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ชฉ ์ค‘ ์ด ์„ธ์ „์†Œ๋“ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋น„์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 9๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ค๋ฌธํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Suits ์ง€์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฐ์ถœ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์›์šฉํ•œ ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ–ˆ์Œ.)
  • Furthermore, this study aims to offer useful implications for evaluating the validity of emergency disaster relief payments from the perspective of policy recipients.(์ตœ์†Œ์ž์Šน๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•œ ํšŒ๊ท€๋ถ„์„์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Œ.)

3. Key Findings(์ฃผ์š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ)

  • It was empirically confirmed that the appropriate income tax structure, representing the method of financing public resources, has a significant effect on the evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies.(๊ณต๊ณต์žฌ์›์˜ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นจ์„ ์‹ค์ฆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Œ.)
  • Income tax progressivity was found to have a significant positive effect on the evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies, while it had a significant negative effect on the evaluation of the adequacy of the support amount.(์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์€ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ์–‘์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ์Œ(-)์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Œ.)
  • In addition, preferences for welfare policies and the acceptance of welfare-related tax increases, which represent the allocation method of public resources, were generally found to have a significant impact on the evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies.(๊ณต๊ณต์ž์›์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ… ์„ ํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์ง€์ฆ์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์„ฑ์€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นจ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Œ.)

4. Conclusions and Implications(๊ฒฐ๋ก  ๋ฐ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ )

  • A stronger preference for a progressive tax system was associated with a more favorable evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies, but with a more negative evaluation of the adequacy of the support amount.(๋ˆ„์ง„์  ์กฐ์„ธ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธ์ •ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Œ.)
  • A stronger preference for a progressive tax system was associated with a more favorable evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies, but with a more negative evaluation of the adequacy of the support amount.(์„ ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ „๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์žฌ๋‚œ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นจ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Œ.)
  • These findings suggest that the governmentโ€™s emergency fiscal support policies need to be implemented in conjunction with efforts to improve taxpayersโ€™ perceptions of fairness in both the allocation of public resources and the structure of revenue financing.(์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ธด๊ธ‰ ์žฌ์ •์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๊ณต๊ณต์ž์›์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์›์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๊ณตํ‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์‹ ๊ฐœ์„ ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์‹คํ–‰๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•จ.)

[Questions(์งˆ์˜)]

1. Why did the perceived appropriate progressivity of the income tax have a positive effect on the perceived necessity of support policies?(์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ์œจ์˜ ์ ์ • ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์ด ์ง€์›์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ์ง€?)

โ–  Effect of the Appropriate Income Tax Structure(์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ)
The appropriate income tax structure was found to have a significant effect on the perceived necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies. In particular, individuals who perceived the appropriate tax burden rate to be high, who preferred a progressive income tax system, who had lower annual total income, and who exhibited stronger risk-averse tendencies were more likely to strongly support the necessity of universal disaster relief payments. This suggests that individuals who perceive higher tax burdens are more likely to recognize the need for government support

(์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋จ. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก, ๋ˆ„์ง„์ ์ธ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก, ์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ์ด์†Œ๋“์ด ๋‚ฎ์„์ˆ˜๋ก, ์œ„ํ—˜ ํšŒํ”ผ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ „๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์žฌ๋‚œ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ. ์ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•จ.) P27.

โ–  Perception of Exchange Equity(๊ตํ™˜๊ณตํ‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ธ์‹)
In addition, individuals who perceived greater benefits from the government relative to the taxes they paidโ€”that is, those with a stronger positive perception of exchange equityโ€”were more likely to strongly support the necessity of universal disaster relief payments. This indicates that trust in the fair use of taxes contributes to increasing support for such policies

(๋˜ํ•œ, ๋‚ฉ๋ถ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธˆ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์ •๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–ป๋Š” ํ˜œํƒ์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ฆ‰ ๊ตํ™˜๊ณตํ‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ธ์‹์ด ๊ฐ•ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ „๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์žฌ๋‚œ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚จ. ์ด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์›์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•จ) P27.

โ–  Contrasting Effects of Income Tax Progressivity(์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฐ˜๋œ ์˜ํ–ฅ)
Interestingly, while the perceived appropriate progressivity of the income tax had a significant positive effect on the evaluation of the necessity of COVID-19 economic support policies, it had a significant negative effect on the evaluation of the adequacy of the support amount. This suggests that individuals who prefer a progressive income tax system tend to strongly support the necessity of support policies, but consider the actual level of financial support insufficient to compensate for economic losses

(ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ ์ • ์†Œ๋“์„ธ ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์€ ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ธ์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ์œ ์˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ •์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„์ง„์  ์†Œ๋“์„ธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์›์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์‹ค์ œ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์•ก์ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์†์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คŒ) P30.

Overall, these factors appear to work together in explaining why the perceived appropriate progressivity of the income tax has a positive effect on the perceived necessity of support policies.

(์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์†Œ๋“์„ธ์œจ์˜ ์ ์ • ๋ˆ„์ง„์„ฑ์ด ์ง€์›์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์— ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋จ).

2. What implications do these findings have for future government fiscal support policies?(์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์žฌ์ •์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€?)

โ–  Perceived Necessity of Support for Small Business Owners(์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ ์ธ์‹)
According to the findings, financial support for small business owners is recognized as an important welfare program that needs to be implemented even if it entails tax increases. This suggests that the government should strengthen support for small business owners and explore sustainable ways to finance such policies in the future. In other words, the government needs to manage support programs for small business owners more systematically in order to promote economic recovery

(์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์€ ์ฆ์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์‹คํ–‰๋  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ. ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์›์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฌ์› ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•จ. ์ฆ‰, ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์†Œ์ƒ๊ณต์ธ ์ง€์›๊ธˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํšŒ๋ณต์„ ๋„๋ชจํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ) P2.

โ–  Linkage Between Tax Burden and Welfare Policy(์กฐ์„ธ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ณผ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ)
The study also reveals that taxpayersโ€™ attitudes toward welfare policies are closely related to their perceptions of the tax burden. This indicates that the government should take these factors into account when designing fiscal support policies. Specifically, policies should aim to improve taxpayersโ€™ perceptions of the tax burden, while enhancing fairness in both the allocation of public resources and the structure of revenue financing

(๋˜ํ•œ, ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„์™€ ์กฐ์„ธ๋ถ€๋‹ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์€ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žฌ์ •์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ„. ์ฆ‰, ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ์กฐ์„ธ ๋ถ€๋‹ด๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์ž์›์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์› ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๊ณตํ‰์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„.) P2.

โ–  Subjective Satisfaction and Long-Term Preference Structure(์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์™€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ์„ ํ˜ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„)
The findings further show that subjective satisfaction with short-term economic support policies is closely associated with taxpayersโ€™ long-term preference structures. This implies that the government should move beyond short-term economic relief and develop sustainable welfare policies that reflect taxpayersโ€™ long-term preferences. Therefore, policymakers need to evaluate both the necessity of policies and the adequacy of support amounts in a comprehensive manner in order to design more effective support measures

(์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์  ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ์„ ํ˜ธ ์ฒด๊ณ„์™€ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คŒ. ์ด๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋„˜์–ด, ๋‚ฉ์„ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•œ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ณต์ง€ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•จ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์•ก์˜ ์ ์ ˆ์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค๊ฐ๋„๋กœ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ง€์› ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž„.) P32.

Overall, these changes are expected to contribute to making government fiscal support policies more effective and equitable.

(์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์žฌ์ •์ง€์› ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šด์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋จ.)

๋‹ต๊ธ€ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ

์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•„์ˆ˜ ํ•„๋“œ๋Š” *๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค